1. Increased risk of neural tube defects - use 5mg folic acid rather than 0.4mg
2. Stillbirth - 5x increase in risk- highest in last 4 weeks of pregnancy
3. Fetal hypoxia and acidosis - thought to be initiated by increased aerobic and anaerobic metabolism induced by hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia with increased production of lactic acid. BPP score does not accurately predict risk
4. Congenital anomalies - 2-5 times increase in risk, especially neural tube defects, cardiac anomalies (transposition of the great vessels), renal anomalies and sacral agenesis (caudal regression syndrome).
2. Stillbirth - 5x increase in risk- highest in last 4 weeks of pregnancy
3. Fetal hypoxia and acidosis - thought to be initiated by increased aerobic and anaerobic metabolism induced by hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia with increased production of lactic acid. BPP score does not accurately predict risk
4. Congenital anomalies - 2-5 times increase in risk, especially neural tube defects, cardiac anomalies (transposition of the great vessels), renal anomalies and sacral agenesis (caudal regression syndrome).
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