- Pregnancy is associated with insulin resistance caused by increasing
concentrations of HPL, progesterone and cortisol.
- Insulin resistance
falls rapidly after delivery
- Beta cell hyperplasia and increased insulin production and secretion
occurs under the influence of oestrogen and progesterone. As a result,
fasting glucose levels are lower in pregnancy compared to non-pregnant
- Hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia result in increased fetal aerobic
and anaerobic metabolism with hypoxia and lactic acidosis
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